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HOK demands that lawyers become informants for financial inspectors

Some lawyers have sent the Inspectorate a completed questionnaire, while others, angry, have neither filled it out nor sent it, and some have filled the entire questionnaire with ‘NO’ answers.

writes Ivica Grčar
[email protected]

On the website of the Croatian Bar Association, it has been announced that every lawyer, joint law office, or law firm must complete the ‘Informative Questionnaire’ regarding the Law on the Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing by January 31, 2010, at the latest. The Bar reminds that among other obligated parties mentioned in the Law on the Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing are lawyers. I can vividly imagine lawyers, such as Prodanović and Nobil, hurriedly entering data about their clients’ business activities, which they defend against USKOK accusations, into the aforementioned questionnaire on Sunday, January 31, and instead of official delivery, following the instructions of the Bar Association, ’emailing’ the completed questionnaire to the Financial Inspectorate of the Ministry of Finance at the email address: [email protected].

Undefined role of the Bar But how should a lawyer who performs work for their own account, for which they should provide information about the client to the Financial Inspectorate according to the Law on the Prevention of Money Laundering, proceed? Simply put, if, for example, lawyer Hanžeković wants to manage his money, financial instruments, or other property he owns, he must engage a colleague who can then report him to the Financial Inspectorate. He could take Leo Andreiss, the president of the Bar Association, who is well-versed in how to fill out the infamous ‘Informative Questionnaire’. However, lawyers I have seriously spoken to are confused by the fact that their Bar has an undefined role as an intermediary between its membership and the Financial Inspectorate of the Ministry of Finance, that the ‘Informative Questionnaire’ is not prescribed by the Law on the Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing, and they do not understand why this questionnaire must be sent to the Financial Inspectorate by email, rather than officially. Furthermore, it is absurd that according to the Law on the Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing, a lawyer must create a written act by which they obligate themselves to assess the risk of money laundering in their clients’ business activities according to certain criteria that are not contained in the law itself (most lawyers work as individuals, and fewer work in joint offices or law firms).

Limited attorney-client privilege
Clients must ‘snitch’ only for assets
Lawyers must report their clients ‘only’ if they conduct transactions for clients for the purchase and sale of real estate or shares, or stocks of a company, assist in managing money, financial instruments, or other property owned by the client, open or manage bank accounts, and collect money needed to establish companies.

Guidelines for lawyers Not all lawyers have acted in the same way in fulfilling their obligations under the Law on the Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing, nor have they all filled out the ‘Informative Questionnaire’ of the Financial Inspectorate of the Ministry of Finance in the same manner. Some have sent a completed questionnaire, some, angry, have not filled it out, and some have filled the entire questionnaire with ‘NO’ answers. However, among the questions in the disputed questionnaire is one asking whether lawyers have an act by which they obligate themselves to assess the risk of money laundering in certain business activities of their clients, and the answer to that question is also recorded as ‘NO’. According to the law, lawyers should still have that act, no matter how absurd it may be. Lawyers who have contacted me have also checked what is on the Ministry of Finance’s website regarding the obligations of lawyers. On the Ministry of Finance’s website, there is also a subpage of the Financial Inspectorate where some ‘Guidelines for Lawyers’ are published, written on about 20 pages. Lawyers say they do not understand what these ‘Guidelines’ are. Is it a document that is a ‘source of law’, or what type of act is it; is it a subordinate act or simply internal documentation of the Financial Inspectorate? Only after reading the Law and the ‘Guidelines’ in full does it become clear how unrealistic all of this is.

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